Theyre graphite blocks which transfer mains power to the copper segments of the motor - located at the other end of the motor from the drive pulley. Theyre probably worn down. They're quite cheap parts and easy to replace - the holders are plastic or bakelite and are generally held in with screws or plastic clips.
Check out this site for spares : www.4directelectricals.co.uk
Check out this site for info: www.2ndwave.co.uk/manual.html
dan, February 2008