Are you ready for this? 3 red (live) wires = one from the fusebox, one continuing to the next room, one going to the wall switch. 3 black (neutral) wires = one from the fusebox, one continuing to the next room, one returning from the wall switch. So, if you look at the ceiling rose after unscrewing the lid, you'll see 3 terminals called 'loop' where the lives go to, 2 terminals for the neutrals, and connections that go to the existing light bulb. One of these connections will be a neutral, and the other will be a live return from the wall switch (these connections are the two outer ones). So, not just a simple job I'm afraid. Don't forget, even with the room light off, the terminals within the ceiling rose are very much alive - so get professional help if you're not sure.
John, July 2008