The purpose of the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) valve is to redirect some of the spent exhaust gas back into the engine. The reason why it does this is to keep the combustion process below a threshold, which if exceeded will produce nitrous oxide which is harmful to the environment. This valve is carefully controlled by the vehicle's ECU so that the valve remains closed whilst the engine is under load, such as hard acceleration or driving up a hill where performance would be serously impaired, and cause potential engine damage. The biggest problem with this valve is that it is connected directly to the exhaust manifold, and early versions were prone to sticking open ( a common fault). My Astra has had two replacments from new, the last seems to have done the trick.
My advice is to get it cleaned, or replaced as the engine will not function correctly in its current state.
James Morgan, August 2008