Is the new battery an used or preowned one?
In this case, it may be DOA.
Li-ion batteries that have been charged at least once need to be kept with some charge at all time.
They slowly loose their charge over time and need to be recharged every 6 months.
If the new battery have been charged and left in storage for over a year, its charge probably droped to zero, then, after a few days, it silently died.
Another possiblity would be a fault in the charging circuit of the computer.
If that's the case, it can no longer be used with any battery, but only from the charger.
Fixing that problem will cost more that getting a new, hugely more performant, computer.
Electro, September 2014