A phone charger really isn't the best thing to check a socket with - best to use a Martindale type plug in tester, or at the very least a table lamp.
Personally I would start by switching the power off and having a look at the back of the socket for things like evidence of overheating, condition of connections, etc.
Is the socket on a radial or ring final circuit?
What is the rating of the breaker/fuse at the consumer unit?
Do the other sockets on the same circuit work?
To answer your question, there is a break in one of the live conductors somewhere.
Adam, November 2009